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About Pyramids of Giza | A Journey through Ancient Egypt's Rich History
The Pyramids of Giza, situated on the outskirts of Egypt, are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The three pyramids- the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, are among...
Also Known As
Great Pyramid of Giza
Cairo
Quick information
RECOMMENDED DURATION
4 hours
Timings
7 AM - 6 PM
VISITORS PER YEAR
130000000
TICKETS
From $ 18
NUMBER OF ENTRANCES
2
EXPECTED WAIT TIME - STANDARD
1-2 hours (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)
EXPECTED WAIT TIME - SKIP THE LINE
0-30 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)
UNESCO YEAR
1979
Fun facts
Alignment with the stars: One of the most intriguing aspects of the Pyramids of Giza is their alignment with celestial bodies. The sides of the Great Pyramid are aligned with the cardinal points of the compass. It is also believed that the Pyramid of Khufu functioned as an astronomical observatory, with certain passages and chambers aligning with specific stars and constellations.
Architectural precision: Despite being constructed around 4500 years ago, the Pyramids of Giza were built with such accuracy that there are near to no gaps between the stones. Visitors and researchers continue to be awed at how the ancient Egyptian craftsmen built these towering structures with the simplest tools.
Built by excellent craftsmen: Despite popular misconceptions, researchers have confirmed that the Pyramids were not entirely built by slaves, but several skilled architects and government officials were involved in their construction. These workers were compensated for their efforts. The exact techniques employed to transport the stones up the structure remain a mystery among archaeologists.
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An overview of the Pyramids of Giza
Arabic Name: Ahramat Al-Jizah
Location: Giza Necropolis, Al Haram, Giza Governorate, Egypt
Built by: The ancient Egyptian kings of the 4th dynasty - Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure
Year of Completion: Khufu (2600 BC), Khafre (2570 BC), Menkaure (2510 BC)
Height: Khufu (451.4 feet or 138 meters), Khafre (448 feet or 136 meters), Menkaure (203 feet or 62 m)
Visitors per year: Around 14.7 million visitors every year
Why visit the Pyramids of Giza?
- Ancient wonder and architectural marvel: Experience the magnificent size and precision engineering of the pyramids, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
- Rich historical significance: Immerse yourself in the fascinating history and culture of ancient Egypt, exploring the tombs of three mighty Pharaohs.
- The Great Sphinx of Giza: Encounter the iconic Sphinx, a mythical creature and guardian of the pyramids, whose presence enhances the mystique of the entire Giza Necropolis, inviting you to ponder the secrets it may hold.
- Spectacular desert landscape: Enjoy the striking contrast of the golden desert landscape surrounding the pyramids, providing stunning photo opportunities.
- Cultural connection: Connect with ancient Egyptian beliefs and spirituality, gaining a deeper appreciation for humanity's past.
Must-see at the Pyramids of Giza
The Pyramids of Giza Complex includes many ancient wonders, including the three pyramids themselves, temples, burial tombs, and more.
Inside the Pyramids of Giza
The Pyramids of Giza were once sealed to prevent people from entering. Today, you can access the pyramids and explore grand galleries and chambers, including the Burial Chamber with the Kings in their sarcophagi (or coffins).
Inside the Great Pyramid
Pyramid of Khufu
The Pyramid Khufu is also called the Great Pyramid. When it was completed in c.2600 BC, it was the tallest building in the world at a height of 481 feet. And, it remained so for the next 3800 years.
Visit the Pyramid of Khufu
Pyramid of Khafre
Constructed a bit higher up on the Giza plateau, the Pyramid of Khafre is the second biggest of the Giza Pyramids. It was built for Khafre, the son of Pharaoh Khufu, in 2570 BC and is the only one to retain some of the original exteriors on its tip.
Visit the Pyramid of Khafre
Pyramid of Menkaure
The Pyramid of Menkaure is the smallest of the Giza Pyramids. It was completed around 2510 BC. Unfortunately, the sarcophagus of the pharaoh was lost at sea during a voyage in 1838.
Visit the Pyramid of Menkaure
Great Sphinx
The Great Sphinx sits in front of the Pyramid of Khafre. It is a statue of a mythical creature with the head of a man, and the body of a lion. It’s said that the human face of the Great Sphinx was modelled after Pharaoh Khafre.
More about the Great Sphinx
Queen’s Pyramids
Around the Pyramids of the three Pharaohs, there are smaller pyramids belonging to the pharaohs’ queens, mothers, and daughters. These include the tombs of Queen Khentkaus I, and Queen Hetepheres.
Workers' Village
This is where the workers who built the Pyramids of Giza lived. It was discovered in 1988 by archaeologist Mark Lehner on the southeast side of the Giza necropolis, where the bakeries and breweries built for the workers still are!
Temples
Each of the Giza Pyramids have a number of attached temples, including a valley temple were where the bodies of the pharaohs were prepared for burial, and a mortuary temple where priests worshipped the deceased pharaohs.
Frequently asked questions about the Pyramids of Giza
What are the Pyramids of Giza?
The Pyramids of Giza are iconic colossal structures located near Cairo in Egypt. They were built in ancient times as elaborate tombs to house their Pharaohs. The Pyramids of Giza comprise 3 main pyramids- the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. The Great Pyramid is celebrated as one of the seven wonders of the world and the entire Giza Pyramid Complex is preserved as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Why are the Pyramids of Giza famous?
The Pyramids of Giza are an integral part of Egypt’s history, serving as tombs for their Pharaohs and housing their treasures. They represent a connection between the world of the dead and the living world, as per ancient Egyptian beliefs. People from all over the world visit the Pyramids of Giza year after year to marvel at the level of engineering and planning required to build these magnificent structures.
What can I do at the Pyramids of Giza?
Visiting the Pyramids of Giza offers you the opportunity to connect with the ancient Egyptian world and explore one of the most enduring symbols of human history. You can explore the inner chambers of the Great Pyramid, look at the distinctive casing stones of the Pyramid of Khafre, and marvel at the Pyramid of Menkaure. The Great Sphinx, with the body of a lion and the head of a Pharaoh, is an excellent spot for clicking pictures.
How can I get tickets to the Pyramids of Giza?
The best way to book Pyramid of Giza tickets is to get them online. Booking tickets online in advance allows you to bypass long lines and have a hassle-free touring experience. You can also choose between a variety of Pyramid of Giza tours and avail of discounted prices.
How much are Pyramid of Giza tickets?
Depending on your itinerary and the kind of experiences you want to have, you can choose between half-day or full-day guided tours of the Pyramids of Giza. A half-day tour of the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx ranges around $34. You can also choose a half-day tour with a Nile River Felucca boat tour which costs around $40.5. If you love yourself a bit of an adrenaline rush, you can also book a quad biking tour of the Pyramids of Giza. The biking tour allows you to get up close to the monumental structures and appreciate them in all their glory.
Are there guided tours available at the Pyramids of Giza?
Yes, we recommend you book guided tours of the Pyramids of Giza to learn more about ancient Egyptian beliefs and the speculations surrounding the construction of the pyramids. Depending on your itinerary, you can book half-day guided tours to the Pyramids and the Great Sphinx or choose a full-day guided tour of the Pyramids, Sphinx, Saqqara, and Dahsur.
Who built the Pyramids of Giza?
The Pyramids of Giza were built by several skilled workers from the poorer sections of society under the leadership of various Pharaohs. It took around 30 years to complete a single pyramid. These monumental structures are a standing testament to the excellent planning and engineering skills of the ancient Egyptians.
Who were the Pyramids of Giza built for?
The Pyramids of Giza were built as royal burial tombs for 3 different Pharaohs. The oldest and northernmost Pyramid, also known as the Great Pyramid was built for Pharaoh Khufu, the second king of the 4th dynasty. The middle Pyramid was constructed for Pharaoh Khafre. And, the southernmost Pyramid was built for Pharaoh Menkaure, the fifth king of the 4th dynasty.
How many pyramids are there at Giza?
The Giza Pyramid Complex consists of three main pyramids and the Great Sphinx, all of which were constructed around 2600 BC. The largest and northernmost pyramid, also known as the Great Pyramid was built for Pharaoh Khufu. The middle pyramid was dedicated to Pharaoh Khafre. And, the last and comparatively smallest pyramid houses the tomb of Pharaoh Menkaure. It is estimated that each pyramid took about 30 years to be completed.
How old are the Pyramids of Giza?
The Pyramids of Giza are estimated to be approximately 4,500 years old. They were built during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt, with the construction of the Great Pyramid, starting around 2600 BCE. These ancient structures have stood the test of time and continue to be a testament to the remarkable engineering and architectural skills of the ancient Egyptians.
Which is the oldest Pyramid of Giza?
The northernmost pyramid attributed to Pharaoh Khufu, also known as the Great Pyramid is the oldest pyramid in the Giza Complex. This pyramid was built during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt between 2500 BC to 2600 BC. It is celebrated as one of the seven wonders of the world for its sheer size, precise engineering, and cultural significance.
How tall are the Pyramids of Giza?
In the present day, it may be difficult to accurately determine the actual height of the Pyramids of Giza owing to their outer casing stones having waned over the centuries. Scholars have estimated that the Great Pyramid is around 146.6 meters. The Pyramid of Khafre is slightly smaller at 136.4 meters and the Pyramid of Menkaure is around 65 meters.
Which is the biggest Pyramid in Giza?
The Great Pyramid attributed to the Pharaoh Khufu is the oldest and biggest pyramid in the Giza Complex. It was built to function as an elaborate tomb for the Pharaoh and to store his riches. The monumental structure is also celebrated as one of the seven wonders of the world for its enduring fame and cultural significance.
How did the Egyptians build the Pyramids?
The Pyramids of Giza are a remarkable engineering feat. Several skilled laborers and engineers carried out the construction process. It is said that stones were quarried from nearby sources and were moved using sleds, rollers, and lubrication. Ramps, made from mudbricks provided a gradual incline for laborers to carry stones to the higher levels. They used simple tools like plumb bobs and leveling instruments to ensure precise alignment of the stones.
What is inside the Pyramids of Giza?
Upon entering the Pyramids of Giza, you will find a series of chambers and passageways that served specific functions related to the burial of the Pharaohs. This innermost chamber where the sarcophagus of the Pharaohs are placed is typically the most ornate, featuring hieroglyphs and inscriptions on the walls. The burial chamber and some of the passageways also have corbelled ceilings, a distinctive architectural feature where the stones are layered in a stepped fashion to create a pointed arch. In addition to the burial chamber, the pyramids also have antechambers and empty halls, that were mostly built for structural purposes.
Can you go inside the Pyramids of Giza?
Yes, you can go inside all three pyramids with your Pyramids of Giza tour tickets. You can also explore some of the surrounding Queen’s Pyramids with these tickets.
Is it possible to climb the outside of the Pyramids of Giza?
It is advisable not to climb or perform stunts on the outside of the Pyramids of Giza. These pyramids are ancient ruins, an integral part of Egyptian culture. If you try to climb on the outside, you may harm the limestone casing stones.
When are the Pyramids of Giza opened to the public?
The Pyramids are open to the public from 7 AM to 6 PM from April to September and from 8 AM to 4 PM from October to March. Public holidays and weekends generally attract a large number of tourists. To enjoy relatively smaller crowds, consider visiting the pyramids on weekdays early in the morning.
Are the Pyramids of Giza wheelchair accessible?
While the Pyramids of Giza are not the most ideal spot to navigate for wheelchair users, there are ramps and elevators to make certain areas more accessible. If you have any special requirements, please check the ticket details for more information on accessibility options and assistance during your visit.
Is there a dress code to visit the Pyramids of Giza?
There is no specific dress code that you have to follow when visiting the Pyramids of Giza. However, if you plan to explore the entire area along with the surrounding historical sites, it is best to wear clothing that covers your knees and shoulders. It will also protect you from the scorching heat of the desert. Wear comfortable footwear because you have to cross uneven terrain and rocky surfaces to explore the pyramid interiors.
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